{"id":3959,"date":"2024-11-25T09:31:43","date_gmt":"2024-11-25T09:31:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/regenerative-thermal-oxidizers.com\/how-to-calculate-the-efficiency-of-rto-for-waterproof-coil-industry\/"},"modified":"2024-11-25T09:31:43","modified_gmt":"2024-11-25T09:31:43","slug":"how-to-calculate-the-efficiency-of-rto-for-waterproof-coil-industry","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/regenerative-thermal-oxidizers.com\/sk\/how-to-calculate-the-efficiency-of-rto-for-waterproof-coil-industry\/","title":{"rendered":"Ako vypo\u010d\u00edta\u0165 \u00fa\u010dinnos\u0165 RTO pre priemysel s vodotesn\u00fdmi cievkami?"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1>Ako vypo\u010d\u00edta\u0165 \u00fa\u010dinnos\u0165 RTO pre priemysel s vodotesn\u00fdmi cievkami?<\/h1>\n<p>\nRegenerat\u00edvne term\u00e1lne oxid\u00e1tory (RTO) sa pova\u017euj\u00fa za jedno z naj\u00fa\u010dinnej\u0161\u00edch zariaden\u00ed na kontrolu zne\u010distenia ovzdu\u0161ia v priemyseln\u00fdch aplik\u00e1ci\u00e1ch. Plat\u00ed to najm\u00e4 pre <a href=\"https:\/\/regenerative-thermal-oxidizers.com\/sk\/rto-for-waterproof-coil-industry\/\">priemysel vodotesn\u00fdch cievok<\/a>, kde sa RTO pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa na \u00fapravu prchav\u00fdch organick\u00fdch zl\u00fa\u010den\u00edn (VOC) emitovan\u00fdch po\u010das v\u00fdroby vodotesn\u00fdch cievok. V tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku podrobne vysvetl\u00edme, ako vypo\u010d\u00edta\u0165 \u00fa\u010dinnos\u0165 RTO pre priemysel vodotesn\u00fdch cievok.\n<\/p>\n<h2>1. Definujte \u00fa\u010dinnos\u0165 RTO<\/h2>\n<p>\n\u00da\u010dinnos\u0165 RTO je definovan\u00e1 ako percento de\u0161trukcie VOC dosiahnut\u00e9 po\u010das oxida\u010dn\u00e9ho procesu. Toto sa d\u00e1 vypo\u010d\u00edta\u0165 porovnan\u00edm mno\u017estva VOC vstupuj\u00facich do syst\u00e9mu RTO s mno\u017estvom VOC, ktor\u00e9 syst\u00e9m op\u00fa\u0161\u0165aj\u00fa. \u00da\u010dinnos\u0165 sa d\u00e1 vypo\u010d\u00edta\u0165 takto:\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\u00da\u010dinnos\u0165 RTO = [(Vstup VOC \u2013 V\u00fdstup VOC) \/ Vstup VOC] x 100%\n<\/p>\n<h2>2. Zmerajte koncentr\u00e1ciu prchav\u00fdch organick\u00fdch zl\u00fa\u010den\u00edn (VOC)<\/h2>\n<p>\nPrv\u00fdm krokom pri v\u00fdpo\u010dte \u00fa\u010dinnosti RTO je meranie koncentr\u00e1cie prchav\u00fdch organick\u00fdch zl\u00fa\u010den\u00edn (VOC) vo vstupn\u00fdch a v\u00fdstupn\u00fdch plynoch. To sa d\u00e1 dosiahnu\u0165 pomocou syst\u00e9mu kontinu\u00e1lneho monitorovania emisi\u00ed (CEMS). CEMS meria koncentr\u00e1ciu zne\u010dis\u0165uj\u00facich l\u00e1tok v pr\u00fade v\u00fdfukov\u00fdch plynov a odosiela \u00fadaje do riadiacej jednotky, ktor\u00e1 tieto inform\u00e1cie spracov\u00e1va a zaznamen\u00e1va.\n<\/p>\n<h2>3. Ur\u010denie prietoku<\/h2>\n<p>\n\u010eal\u0161\u00edm krokom je ur\u010denie prietoku vstupn\u00fdch a v\u00fdstupn\u00fdch plynov. To je mo\u017en\u00e9 vykona\u0165 pomocou prietokomeru. Prietok je d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00fd, preto\u017ee sa pou\u017e\u00edva na v\u00fdpo\u010det hmotnostn\u00e9ho prietoku zne\u010dis\u0165uj\u00facich l\u00e1tok vstupuj\u00facich do syst\u00e9mu RTO a vystupuj\u00facich z neho.\n<\/p>\n<h2>4. Vypo\u010d\u00edtajte hmotnostn\u00fd prietok<\/h2>\n<p>\nHmotnostn\u00fd prietok zne\u010dis\u0165uj\u00facich l\u00e1tok vstupuj\u00facich do a vystupuj\u00facich z RTO mo\u017eno vypo\u010d\u00edta\u0165 pomocou nasleduj\u00faceho vzorca:\n<\/p>\n<p>\nHmotnostn\u00fd prietok = Prietok x Koncentr\u00e1cia\n<\/p>\n<h2>5. Ur\u010dte \u00fa\u010dinnos\u0165 ni\u010denia<\/h2>\n<p>\n\u00da\u010dinnos\u0165 de\u0161trukcie RTO je percento prchav\u00fdch organick\u00fdch zl\u00fa\u010den\u00edn (VOC), ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa zni\u010den\u00e9 po\u010das oxida\u010dn\u00e9ho procesu. Toto sa d\u00e1 vypo\u010d\u00edta\u0165 pomocou nasleduj\u00faceho vzorca:\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\u00da\u010dinnos\u0165 de\u0161trukcie = [(vstup VOC \u2013 v\u00fdstup VOC) \/ vstup VOC] x 100%\n<\/p>\n<h2>6. Vypo\u010d\u00edtajte tepeln\u00fa \u00fa\u010dinnos\u0165<\/h2>\n<p>\nTepeln\u00e1 \u00fa\u010dinnos\u0165 RTO je percento energie z\u00edskanej z oxida\u010dn\u00e9ho procesu. Toto sa d\u00e1 vypo\u010d\u00edta\u0165 pomocou nasleduj\u00faceho vzorca:\n<\/p>\n<p>\nTepeln\u00e1 \u00fa\u010dinnos\u0165 = [(pr\u00edkon energie \u2013 v\u00fdstup energie) \/ pr\u00edkon energie] x 100%\n<\/p>\n<h2>7. Zoh\u013eadnite \u010fal\u0161ie premenn\u00e9<\/h2>\n<p>\nOkrem vy\u0161\u0161ie uveden\u00fdch premenn\u00fdch existuj\u00fa aj \u010fal\u0161ie faktory, ktor\u00e9 m\u00f4\u017eu ovplyvni\u0165 \u00fa\u010dinnos\u0165 syst\u00e9mu RTO. Patria sem kon\u0161trukcia RTO, jeho prev\u00e1dzkov\u00e1 teplota, doba zotrvania zne\u010dis\u0165uj\u00facich l\u00e1tok v RTO a typ pou\u017eit\u00e9ho katalyz\u00e1tora.\n<\/p>\n<h2>8. Monitorujte v\u00fdkon RTO<\/h2>\n<p>\nJe d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 pravidelne monitorova\u0165 v\u00fdkon syst\u00e9mu RTO. To sa d\u00e1 dosiahnu\u0165 meran\u00edm koncentr\u00e1cie zne\u010dis\u0165uj\u00facich l\u00e1tok vo vstupn\u00fdch a v\u00fdstupn\u00fdch plynoch, v\u00fdpo\u010dtom \u00fa\u010dinnosti RTO a porovnan\u00edm v\u00fdsledkov s kon\u0161truk\u010dn\u00fdmi \u0161pecifik\u00e1ciami.\n<\/p>\n<p>\nZ\u00e1verom mo\u017eno poveda\u0165, \u017ee \u00fa\u010dinnos\u0165 RTO pre priemysel vodotesn\u00fdch cievok mo\u017eno vypo\u010d\u00edta\u0165 meran\u00edm koncentr\u00e1cie prchav\u00fdch organick\u00fdch zl\u00fa\u010den\u00edn (VOC) vo vstupn\u00fdch a v\u00fdstupn\u00fdch plynoch, ur\u010den\u00edm prietoku, v\u00fdpo\u010dtom hmotnostn\u00e9ho prietoku a zoh\u013eadnen\u00edm \u010fal\u0161\u00edch premenn\u00fdch. Pravideln\u00fdm monitorovan\u00edm v\u00fdkonu syst\u00e9mu RTO je mo\u017en\u00e9 zabezpe\u010di\u0165, aby fungoval s maxim\u00e1lnou \u00fa\u010dinnos\u0165ou a sp\u013a\u0148al environment\u00e1lne predpisy.\n<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/regenerative-thermal-oxidizers.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/0-RTO-for-Waterproof-Coil-Industry-1.webp\" alt=\"\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<div>\n<h2>Predstavenie spolo\u010dnosti<\/h2>\n<p>Sme high-tech podnik \u0161pecializuj\u00faci sa na komplexn\u00fa \u00fapravu v\u00fdfukov\u00fdch plynov z prchav\u00fdch organick\u00fdch zl\u00fa\u010den\u00edn (VOC) a redukciu uhl\u00edka a technol\u00f3gie na \u00fasporu energie. N\u00e1\u0161 hlavn\u00fd technick\u00fd t\u00edm poch\u00e1dza z V\u00fdskumn\u00e9ho \u00fastavu pre raketov\u00e9 motory na kvapaln\u00e9 palivo pre letectvo (Aerospace Sixth Institute) s viac ako 60 technikmi v\u00fdskumu a v\u00fdvoja, vr\u00e1tane 3 ved\u00facich in\u017einierov na \u00farovni v\u00fdskumn\u00edkov a 16 ved\u00facich in\u017einierov. M\u00e1me \u0161tyri hlavn\u00e9 technol\u00f3gie v oblasti tepelnej energie, spa\u013eovania, tesnenia a samoregul\u00e1cie. Dok\u00e1\u017eeme simulova\u0165 teplotn\u00e9 pole a pole pr\u00fadenia vzduchu, ako aj testova\u0165 v\u00fdkon keramick\u00fdch materi\u00e1lov na akumul\u00e1ciu tepla, porovn\u00e1va\u0165 materi\u00e1ly na adsorpciu molekul\u00e1rnych s\u00edt a charakteristiky organick\u00fdch zl\u00fa\u010den\u00edn VOC pri vysok\u00fdch teplot\u00e1ch pri spa\u013eovan\u00ed a oxid\u00e1cii. Spolo\u010dnos\u0165 zriadila centrum v\u00fdskumu a v\u00fdvoja technol\u00f3gi\u00ed RTO a centrum technol\u00f3gi\u00ed na redukciu uhl\u00edka z odpadov\u00fdch plynov v starobylom meste Xi'an a v\u00fdrobn\u00fa z\u00e1klad\u0148u s rozlohou 30 000 m3 v Yanglingu. Objem predaja zariaden\u00ed RTO je na svetovej \u00farovni popredn\u00fd.<\/p>\n<p>  <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/regenerative-thermal-oxidizers.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/0-RTO-for-Waterproof-Coil-Industry-1.webp\" alt=\"\u00b9\u00ab\u00cb\u00be\u00bc\u00f2\u00bd\u00e9\u00cd\u00bc\u0106\u00ac\" title=\"\">\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<h2>Platformy pre v\u00fdskum a v\u00fdvoj<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Sk\u00fa\u0161obn\u00e1 lavica pre vysoko\u00fa\u010dinn\u00fa technol\u00f3giu regul\u00e1cie spa\u013eovania:<\/strong> T\u00e1to platforma n\u00e1m umo\u017e\u0148uje vykon\u00e1va\u0165 experimenty a v\u00fdskum zameran\u00e9 na optimaliz\u00e1ciu \u00fa\u010dinnosti spa\u013eovania, zni\u017eovanie emisi\u00ed a zlep\u0161ovanie vyu\u017eitia energie.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Sk\u00fa\u0161obn\u00e1 lavica na \u00fa\u010dinnos\u0165 adsorpcie molekul\u00e1rnym sitom:<\/strong> Pomocou tejto platformy m\u00f4\u017eeme vyhodnoti\u0165 adsorp\u010dn\u00fd v\u00fdkon r\u00f4znych materi\u00e1lov molekulov\u00fdch s\u00edt a vyvin\u00fa\u0165 \u00fa\u010dinnej\u0161ie rie\u0161enia na \u00fapravu prchav\u00fdch organick\u00fdch zl\u00fa\u010den\u00edn (VOC).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Vysoko\u00fa\u010dinn\u00e1 sk\u00fa\u0161obn\u00e1 lavica pre technol\u00f3giu keramick\u00e9ho akumulovania tepla:<\/strong> Prostredn\u00edctvom tejto platformy \u0161tudujeme a zlep\u0161ujeme v\u00fdkonnos\u0165 keramick\u00fdch materi\u00e1lov na akumul\u00e1ciu tepla, ktor\u00e9 zohr\u00e1vaj\u00fa k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00fa \u00falohu pri rekuper\u00e1cii energie a zni\u017eovan\u00ed emisi\u00ed.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Sk\u00fa\u0161obn\u00e1 lavica pre rekuper\u00e1ciu odpadov\u00e9ho tepla s ultravysokou teplotou:<\/strong> T\u00e1to platforma n\u00e1m umo\u017e\u0148uje sk\u00fama\u0165 a vyv\u00edja\u0165 \u0161pi\u010dkov\u00e9 technol\u00f3gie na sp\u00e4tn\u00e9 z\u00edskavanie odpadov\u00e9ho tepla pri extr\u00e9mne vysok\u00fdch teplot\u00e1ch, \u010do prispieva k \u00faspore energie a ochrane \u017eivotn\u00e9ho prostredia.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Sk\u00fa\u0161obn\u00e1 lavica pre technol\u00f3giu tesnenia plynn\u00fdmi kvapalinami:<\/strong> S touto platformou sa zameriavame na v\u00fdskum a v\u00fdvoj pokro\u010dil\u00fdch technol\u00f3gi\u00ed tesnenia, \u010d\u00edm zabezpe\u010dujeme efekt\u00edvnu a spo\u013eahliv\u00fa prev\u00e1dzku na\u0161ich zariaden\u00ed.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>  <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/regenerative-thermal-oxidizers.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/0-rto-Production-Base-4.webp\" alt=\"\u00d1\u00d0\u00b7\u00a2\u00c6\u00bd\u00cc\u00a8\u00cd\u00bc\u00c6\u00ac\" title=\"\">\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<h2>Patenty a vyznamenania<\/h2>\n<p>Pokia\u013e ide o k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00e9 technol\u00f3gie, po\u017eiadali sme o celkovo 68 patentov vr\u00e1tane 21 patentov na vyn\u00e1lezy. Tieto patenty pokr\u00fdvaj\u00fa k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00e9 komponenty. Doteraz n\u00e1m boli udelen\u00e9 4 patenty na vyn\u00e1lezy, 41 patentov na \u00fa\u017eitkov\u00e9 vzory, 6 patentov na dizajn a 7 autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v na softv\u00e9r.<\/p>\n<p>  <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/regenerative-thermal-oxidizers.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/0-rto-company-honor.webp\" alt=\"\u00d7\u00a8\u00c0\u0171\u00d3\u00eb\u010c\u016e\u00d3\u017d\u00cd\u013d\u0106\u00ac\" title=\"\">\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<h2>V\u00fdrobn\u00e1 kapacita<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Automatick\u00e1 tryskacia a lakovacia linka na oce\u013eov\u00e9 plechy a profily:<\/strong> S touto v\u00fdrobnou linkou vieme zabezpe\u010di\u0165 kvalitu a povrchov\u00fa \u00fapravu na\u0161ich zariaden\u00ed.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ru\u010dn\u00e1 tryskacia v\u00fdrobn\u00e1 linka:<\/strong> T\u00e1to v\u00fdrobn\u00e1 linka n\u00e1m umo\u017e\u0148uje manipulova\u0165 s r\u00f4znymi typmi zariaden\u00ed a komponentov a zabezpe\u010duje ich \u010distotu a kvalitu povrchu.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Zariadenia na odstra\u0148ovanie prachu a ochranu \u017eivotn\u00e9ho prostredia:<\/strong> Sme schopn\u00ed navrhn\u00fa\u0165 a vyrobi\u0165 spo\u013eahliv\u00e9 a efekt\u00edvne zariadenia na odstra\u0148ovanie prachu a ochranu \u017eivotn\u00e9ho prostredia.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Automatick\u00e1 lakov\u0148a:<\/strong> V\u010faka tomuto zariadeniu dok\u00e1\u017eeme dosiahnu\u0165 konzistentn\u00e9 a vysoko kvalitn\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky lakovania, \u010d\u00edm zabezpe\u010d\u00edme vzh\u013ead a trvanlivos\u0165 n\u00e1\u0161ho vybavenia.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Su\u0161iare\u0148:<\/strong> Na\u0161a su\u0161iare\u0148 je vybaven\u00e1 modernou technol\u00f3giou, ktor\u00e1 zabezpe\u010duje spr\u00e1vne su\u0161enie zariaden\u00ed a komponentov a sp\u013a\u0148a najvy\u0161\u0161ie priemyseln\u00e9 \u0161tandardy.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>  <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/regenerative-thermal-oxidizers.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/0-RTO-case-in-coating-industry-8.webp\" alt=\"\u00c9\u00fa\u00b2\u00fa\u00c4\u00dc\u00c1\u00a6\u00cd\u00bc\u00c6\u00ac\" title=\"\">\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p>Vyz\u00fdvame z\u00e1kazn\u00edkov, aby s nami spolupracovali a vyu\u017eili nasleduj\u00face v\u00fdhody:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Pokro\u010dil\u00e1 technol\u00f3gia:<\/strong> Na\u0161e k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00e9 technol\u00f3gie a v\u00fdskumn\u00e9 platformy zabezpe\u010duj\u00fa, \u017ee dok\u00e1\u017eeme poskytova\u0165 \u0161pi\u010dkov\u00e9 rie\u0161enia pre spracovanie prchav\u00fdch organick\u00fdch zl\u00fa\u010den\u00edn (VOC) a zni\u017eovanie emisi\u00ed uhl\u00edka.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Bohat\u00e9 sk\u00fasenosti:<\/strong> V\u010faka dlhoro\u010dn\u00fdm sk\u00fasenostiam v tomto odvetv\u00ed sme nazhroma\u017edili cenn\u00e9 znalosti a odborn\u00e9 znalosti na rie\u0161enie r\u00f4znych v\u00fdziev v oblasti \u010distenia v\u00fdfukov\u00fdch plynov.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Vysokokvalitn\u00e9 vybavenie:<\/strong> Na\u0161a v\u00fdrobn\u00e1 kapacita a modern\u00e9 v\u00fdrobn\u00e9 linky zaru\u010duj\u00fa v\u00fdrobu spo\u013eahliv\u00fdch a efekt\u00edvnych zariaden\u00ed.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Zodpovednos\u0165 za \u017eivotn\u00e9 prostredie:<\/strong> Spolupr\u00e1cou s nami m\u00f4\u017eu z\u00e1kazn\u00edci prispie\u0165 k ochrane \u017eivotn\u00e9ho prostredia a naplni\u0165 si svoju spolo\u010densk\u00fa zodpovednos\u0165.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Rie\u0161enia na mieru:<\/strong> Pon\u00fakame rie\u0161enia \u0161it\u00e9 na mieru, ktor\u00e9 sp\u013a\u0148aj\u00fa \u0161pecifick\u00e9 po\u017eiadavky z\u00e1kazn\u00edkov a zabezpe\u010duj\u00fa optim\u00e1lny v\u00fdkon.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Vynikaj\u00faci servis:<\/strong> N\u00e1\u0161 profesion\u00e1lny t\u00edm sa zav\u00e4zuje poskytova\u0165 komplexn\u00fa a v\u010dasn\u00fa z\u00e1kazn\u00edcku podporu po\u010das cel\u00e9ho projektov\u00e9ho cyklu.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>  <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/regenerative-thermal-oxidizers.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/0-Furnace-bottom-oil-drain-design-3.webp\" alt=\"\u00ba\u010e\u00f7\u00d3\u00c5\u00ca\u0106\u00cd\u00bc\u0106\u00ac\" title=\"\">\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p>Autor: Miya<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>How to calculate the efficiency of RTO for waterproof coil industry? Regenerative Thermal Oxidizers (RTOs) are considered as one of the most efficient air pollution control devices for industrial applications. This is particularly true for the waterproof coil industry, where RTOs are used to treat the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted during the manufacturing of [&hellip;]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[42],"tags":[18,43,39,20],"class_list":["post-3959","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-rto-for-waterproof-coil-industry-blog","tag-regenerative-thermal-oxidizer","tag-rto-for-waterproof-coil-industry","tag-rto-gas-treatmentl","tag-rto-thermal-oxidizer"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/regenerative-thermal-oxidizers.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3959","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/regenerative-thermal-oxidizers.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/regenerative-thermal-oxidizers.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/regenerative-thermal-oxidizers.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/regenerative-thermal-oxidizers.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3959"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/regenerative-thermal-oxidizers.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3959\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/regenerative-thermal-oxidizers.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3959"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/regenerative-thermal-oxidizers.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3959"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/regenerative-thermal-oxidizers.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3959"}],"curies":[{"name":"pracovn\u00fd list","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}